Unit 2- Population, Migration and Demographics
Topics for Unit 2-
1, Population Distribution
2. Consequences of Population Distribution
3. Population Composition
4. Population Dynamics
5. The Demographic Transition Model
6. Malthusian Theory
7. Population Policies
8. Women and Demographic Change
9. Aging Populations
10. Causes of Migration
11. Forced and Voluntary Migration
12. Effects of Migration
1, Population Distribution
2. Consequences of Population Distribution
3. Population Composition
4. Population Dynamics
5. The Demographic Transition Model
6. Malthusian Theory
7. Population Policies
8. Women and Demographic Change
9. Aging Populations
10. Causes of Migration
11. Forced and Voluntary Migration
12. Effects of Migration
Unit 2- Vocabulary
Arithmetic Density- Total number of objects in an area; formula=all people/all land
Asylum Seeker- person moved to different country seeking a "safe haven" (wants to be seen as a refugee)
Amnesty Programs- Official pardon for people who've been convicted of political offenses
Brain Drain- Large-scale emigration by talented people
Carrying Capacity- Number of people that can live comfortably with the amount of resources in a given place
Centroid- Center of a country's population
Chain Migration- People migrate to specific location because relatives or people of same nationality previously migrated there
Cornucopian Theory- Human population growth will result in innovations and new tech. that will increase food supply and carrying capacity
Cohort- a group of people banded together or treated as a group.Population of various age categories in a population pyramid.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)- Total number of live births per year per 1000
Crude Death Rate (CDR)- Total number of deaths per year per 1000
Demography- geographic study of population
Demographic Transition Model- is based on historical population trends of two demographic characteristics – birth rate and death rate – to suggest that a country's total population growth rate cycles through stages as that country develops economically.
Dependency Ratio- Number of people who are too young or too old to work (0-14 and 65+)
Doubling Time- Number of years needed to double population; Formula=70/NIR
Ecumene- Portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement / livable land
Emigration – From the perspective of the country of departure, the act of moving from one’s country of nationality or usual residence to another country, so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence.
Epidemiology- Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among population
Epidemiological Transition Model- distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition model
Forced Migration- Permanent move by force (can mean if in danger they need to move)
Gravity Model- people are going to move closer than farther- people move to big cities optimal location of a service is related to number of people in that area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it
Guest Worker- term once used for a worker who migrated to a MDC in search of a higher-paying job
Immigration- Migration to a new location
Immigrant – From the perspective of the country of arrival, a person who moves into a country other than that of his or her nationality or usual residence, so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)- Total number of deaths per year of infants under the age of 1 year for every 1,000 live births in society-
Internal Migration- Permanent move within the same country
Internally Displaced Person (IDP)- Person forced to move, but within the same country (similar to refugee, just in same country)
International Migration- Permanent move from one country to another
Interregional Migration- Permanent move from one region to another
Intervening Obstacle- Environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that slows or hinders migration
Intervening Opportunity- opportunities that come in the way of a migration and ppl choose to stay there than complete migration
Intraregional Migration- Permanent move within the same region
J-curve- This is when the projection population show exponential growth; sometimes shape as a j-curve. This is important because if the population grows exponential our resource use will go up exponential and so will our use as well as a greater dema
Life Expectancy- Average number of years someone is expected to live, given current social, economic, & medical conditions (of a society or specific person
Malthus, Thomas- predicted major disaster suggested to kill ppl off so food supply stays at the same rate of population growthpopulation would surpass food supply pessimistic point of view
Malthusian Theory- Theory that the world will be overpopulated and there won't be enough resources
Maternal Mortality Rate- annual number of deaths of women during childbirth per 100,000 children.
Migrant- Someone moving to or from a location
Migration- Permanent move to a new location
Natural Increase Rate (NIR or RNI)- The percentage a population grows each year
Neo-Malthusians- People who, for the most part, agree with Malthus's theory, but have solutions for the problem
Net Migration- Difference between level of immigration and level of emigration
Overpopulation- When the number of people exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Pandemic- Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high portion of the population
Physiological Density- Number of people supported by a unit of arable land; formula=people/arable land = 1,000 people/70 square miles of arable land
Population Pyramid- A bar graph that represents distribution of population by age and sex / shows percentage of total population in five year age groups, youngest at base, oldest at top
Pull Factor- Reason that someone moves TO a location
Push Factor- Reason someone moves FROM/AWAY from a location
Quotas- Laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year
Rate of Natural Increase- CBR-CDR/1,000 -rate at which population increases world NIR is 1.2%
Ravenstein Migration Theory- 7 laws of migration (not all apply today): 1. Short distance 2. International or long-distance = urban 3. Moves in steps 4. Rural to urban 5. Start of flow = movement the other way 6. Adults looking for work 7. International = men, internal = women (not true anymore)
Refugee- Someone forced to move because if they stay they will be in danger
Refugee (1951 Convention) – A person who, owing to a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence as a result of such events, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it.
Replacement Rate- A woman needs to have 2 kids to "replace" her and the father
S-Curve- growth and decline of a population, population was growing and then leveled out
Sex Ratio- Number of males per every 100 females in a population
Smuggling of migrants – The procurement, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit, of the irregular entry of a person into a State Party of which the person is not a national or a permanent resident.
Standard of Living- quality and quantity of goods available to people and how they are distributed within a population
Step Migration- Series of shorter, less extreme migrations from place of origin too final destination
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- Average number of children a woman will have throughout her child-bearing years
Transhumance migration- moving of livestock from one place to another seasonally
Unauthorized Immigrant- People who enter a country without proper documents
Voluntary Migration- Permanent move by choice (usually economic)
Xenophobia – At the international level, no universally accepted definition of xenophobia exists, though it can be described as “attitudes, prejudices and behaviour that reject, exclude and often vilify persons, based on the perception that they are outsiders or foreigners to the community, society or national identity”.
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)- Decline in TFR to the point where natural increase rate is zero
Agricultural density
Anti-natalist
arithmetic density
asylum seekers
birth rates
carrying capacity
chain migration
climate
contraception
culture
death rates
demographic
demographic transition model
dependency ratio
distribution
economics
epidemiological transition (model)
fertility
forced migration
guest worker
history
internally displaced persons
internal migration
intervening obstacles
intervening opportunities
landforms
life expectancy
Malthus
Malthusian theory
market
migration
mortality
physiological density
politics
population doubling time
population pyramid
pronatalist
pull factors
push factors
rate of natural increase
Ravenstein's laws of Migration
refugees
rural-to-urban migration
slavery
social values
step migration
transhumance
transnational migration
water bodies
Asylum Seeker- person moved to different country seeking a "safe haven" (wants to be seen as a refugee)
Amnesty Programs- Official pardon for people who've been convicted of political offenses
Brain Drain- Large-scale emigration by talented people
Carrying Capacity- Number of people that can live comfortably with the amount of resources in a given place
Centroid- Center of a country's population
Chain Migration- People migrate to specific location because relatives or people of same nationality previously migrated there
Cornucopian Theory- Human population growth will result in innovations and new tech. that will increase food supply and carrying capacity
Cohort- a group of people banded together or treated as a group.Population of various age categories in a population pyramid.
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)- Total number of live births per year per 1000
Crude Death Rate (CDR)- Total number of deaths per year per 1000
Demography- geographic study of population
Demographic Transition Model- is based on historical population trends of two demographic characteristics – birth rate and death rate – to suggest that a country's total population growth rate cycles through stages as that country develops economically.
Dependency Ratio- Number of people who are too young or too old to work (0-14 and 65+)
Doubling Time- Number of years needed to double population; Formula=70/NIR
Ecumene- Portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement / livable land
Emigration – From the perspective of the country of departure, the act of moving from one’s country of nationality or usual residence to another country, so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence.
Epidemiology- Branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that are prevalent among population
Epidemiological Transition Model- distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition model
Forced Migration- Permanent move by force (can mean if in danger they need to move)
Gravity Model- people are going to move closer than farther- people move to big cities optimal location of a service is related to number of people in that area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it
Guest Worker- term once used for a worker who migrated to a MDC in search of a higher-paying job
Immigration- Migration to a new location
Immigrant – From the perspective of the country of arrival, a person who moves into a country other than that of his or her nationality or usual residence, so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence.
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)- Total number of deaths per year of infants under the age of 1 year for every 1,000 live births in society-
Internal Migration- Permanent move within the same country
Internally Displaced Person (IDP)- Person forced to move, but within the same country (similar to refugee, just in same country)
International Migration- Permanent move from one country to another
Interregional Migration- Permanent move from one region to another
Intervening Obstacle- Environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that slows or hinders migration
Intervening Opportunity- opportunities that come in the way of a migration and ppl choose to stay there than complete migration
Intraregional Migration- Permanent move within the same region
J-curve- This is when the projection population show exponential growth; sometimes shape as a j-curve. This is important because if the population grows exponential our resource use will go up exponential and so will our use as well as a greater dema
Life Expectancy- Average number of years someone is expected to live, given current social, economic, & medical conditions (of a society or specific person
Malthus, Thomas- predicted major disaster suggested to kill ppl off so food supply stays at the same rate of population growthpopulation would surpass food supply pessimistic point of view
Malthusian Theory- Theory that the world will be overpopulated and there won't be enough resources
Maternal Mortality Rate- annual number of deaths of women during childbirth per 100,000 children.
Migrant- Someone moving to or from a location
Migration- Permanent move to a new location
Natural Increase Rate (NIR or RNI)- The percentage a population grows each year
Neo-Malthusians- People who, for the most part, agree with Malthus's theory, but have solutions for the problem
Net Migration- Difference between level of immigration and level of emigration
Overpopulation- When the number of people exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Pandemic- Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high portion of the population
Physiological Density- Number of people supported by a unit of arable land; formula=people/arable land = 1,000 people/70 square miles of arable land
Population Pyramid- A bar graph that represents distribution of population by age and sex / shows percentage of total population in five year age groups, youngest at base, oldest at top
Pull Factor- Reason that someone moves TO a location
Push Factor- Reason someone moves FROM/AWAY from a location
Quotas- Laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year
Rate of Natural Increase- CBR-CDR/1,000 -rate at which population increases world NIR is 1.2%
Ravenstein Migration Theory- 7 laws of migration (not all apply today): 1. Short distance 2. International or long-distance = urban 3. Moves in steps 4. Rural to urban 5. Start of flow = movement the other way 6. Adults looking for work 7. International = men, internal = women (not true anymore)
Refugee- Someone forced to move because if they stay they will be in danger
Refugee (1951 Convention) – A person who, owing to a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country; or who, not having a nationality and being outside the country of his former habitual residence as a result of such events, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to it.
Replacement Rate- A woman needs to have 2 kids to "replace" her and the father
S-Curve- growth and decline of a population, population was growing and then leveled out
Sex Ratio- Number of males per every 100 females in a population
Smuggling of migrants – The procurement, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit, of the irregular entry of a person into a State Party of which the person is not a national or a permanent resident.
Standard of Living- quality and quantity of goods available to people and how they are distributed within a population
Step Migration- Series of shorter, less extreme migrations from place of origin too final destination
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)- Average number of children a woman will have throughout her child-bearing years
Transhumance migration- moving of livestock from one place to another seasonally
Unauthorized Immigrant- People who enter a country without proper documents
Voluntary Migration- Permanent move by choice (usually economic)
Xenophobia – At the international level, no universally accepted definition of xenophobia exists, though it can be described as “attitudes, prejudices and behaviour that reject, exclude and often vilify persons, based on the perception that they are outsiders or foreigners to the community, society or national identity”.
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)- Decline in TFR to the point where natural increase rate is zero
Agricultural density
Anti-natalist
arithmetic density
asylum seekers
birth rates
carrying capacity
chain migration
climate
contraception
culture
death rates
demographic
demographic transition model
dependency ratio
distribution
economics
epidemiological transition (model)
fertility
forced migration
guest worker
history
internally displaced persons
internal migration
intervening obstacles
intervening opportunities
landforms
life expectancy
Malthus
Malthusian theory
market
migration
mortality
physiological density
politics
population doubling time
population pyramid
pronatalist
pull factors
push factors
rate of natural increase
Ravenstein's laws of Migration
refugees
rural-to-urban migration
slavery
social values
step migration
transhumance
transnational migration
water bodies
Exodus- refugee crisis / film link and writing assignment
Use the information from our discussion, your memories and notes to complete a reflection paper. This reflection should be a minimum of 2 pages. It might be easiest to have each bullet point below a separate paragraph-
The Reflection must contain-
A summary of the refugee’s circumstances and experiences addressing the following information:
!. Their reason for leaving their country of origin- did they feel they had a choice
2. Any intervening obstacles or geographic barriers they encounter of their journey.
3. Their experiences (positive and negative) in the new countries they entered.
4. Similarities and differences between the refugees circumstances and experiences
Your summary must also contain a personal reflection addressing the following:
2. Given the range of reasons for leaving, do you think some refugees or migrants are more “deserving” than others to be granted asylum or legal residence in a new country?
3. What is the best way for countries of the world to respond to the refugee crisis?
The Reflection must contain-
A summary of the refugee’s circumstances and experiences addressing the following information:
!. Their reason for leaving their country of origin- did they feel they had a choice
2. Any intervening obstacles or geographic barriers they encounter of their journey.
3. Their experiences (positive and negative) in the new countries they entered.
4. Similarities and differences between the refugees circumstances and experiences
Your summary must also contain a personal reflection addressing the following:
- Your opinions/ thoughts etc. that you have after viewing this documentary
2. Given the range of reasons for leaving, do you think some refugees or migrants are more “deserving” than others to be granted asylum or legal residence in a new country?
3. What is the best way for countries of the world to respond to the refugee crisis?